Of the three models of representative democracy (participatory, pluralist, and elite), pluralist democracy achieves the founders' intent for American democracy in terms of ensuring a stable government run by the people. This can be concluded from Federalist #10, written by James Madison.      The main focus in Federalists #10 was on factions, those citizens united by a common purpose who try to get what they want but can hurt others when they do. Since people are different in many ways, they will have different opinions and even get along better with some than others so alliances will form. By forming alliances some factions will infringe upon the rights of others and this can lead to violence.  Madison stated in Federalist #10 that "it may be concluded that a pure democracy, by which I mean a society consisting of a small number of citizens, who assemble and administer the government in person, can admit no cure for the mischiefs of factions." This indicates that a pure democracy which is basically like a participatory democracy wasn't useful in ensuring a stable government run by the people. He stated it directly. He felt that factions were not good for a society, but they existed no matter what due to the nature of people, and even this type of democracy where citizens that have the power to influence policy decisions due to their broad participation cannot control factions themselves.  Control has to come about in another way.  Madison also stated that "no man is allowed to be a judge in his own cause, because his interest would certainly bias his judgement, and not improbably, corrupt his integrity. This would confirm that an elite democracy would also not ensure a stable government run by the people. A limited group in this type of democracy, although educated, may not really represent the people. They are usually the wealthy and rule in their own interest. Their judgement would be biased and concern for all citizens would be lacking. The solution, then, would be a pluralist type democracy where no single group dominates politics and organized groups compete with each other to influence policy. Madison knew that with factions people of diversity will always exist. There had to way a way for peaceful coexistence of diversity.  In Federalist 10 Madison used the words, "a government in which the scheme of representation takes place, opens a different prospect, and promises the cure, for which we are seeking." What he means by this is that a political structure was needed to deal with the imperfections that exist in society.  A structure that focuses on equality and fairness for all people, not just a select group of people was needed. The preamble of the Constitutions states, "We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.The Constitution would be the answer. It would remove the cause of factions. A government where powers were divided between levels of government (federal and state) where there are not only separation of powers but checks and balances, as the Constitution proposed, would help to ensure a stable government run by the people.